中國氣候與生態環境演變2021-綜合報告 (英文版) 秦大河 丁永建 9787030759856 【台灣高等教育出版社】

內容簡介
《中國氣候與生態環境演變 2021 綜合報告（英文版）》是在對中國氣候和環境變化事實、影響和脆弱性以及減緩對策系統評估的基礎上，聚焦觀測到的氣候變化與生態環境演變及其成因、未來氣候變化及風險預估、適應與減緩措施及行動成效、具有氣候恢復力的發展路徑四個方面，通過綜合集成，凝練得出核心結論。

目錄
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1 1 Evolution of Global Climate and Ecological Eavironment 1
1 1 1 Impact of Human Activities on the Earth's Environment and the Livable Earth 1
1 1 2 Impact of Human Activities on Global Climate Change 4
1 1 3 Imupacts and Risks of Climate Change on Natural and Hum:an Systems 5
1 2 Historical Evolution of Climate， Ecological Environment and Socio Economic Development in China 7
1 2 1 Overview 7
1 2 2 Historical Changes in Climate， Ecological Environment and Socio-Economic Development 8
1 2 3 Contemporary Changes in Climate and Ecological Environment 10
1 2 4 Changes in Modern Social and Economic Development I2
1 3 Future Changes and Transformation and Development 14
1 3 1 Future Changes and Risks in Climate and Ecological Environment I5
1 3 2 Actions to Deal with Climate Change and Protect Environment 17
1 3 3 Transition to Sustainable Development 19
1 4 Contribution of China's Assessment Reports on Climate，Environment and Ecology 20
1 5 Overview of This Assessment 22
References 23
Chapter 2 Observed Climate Change and Ecological Environment Evolution and Their Causes 25
2 1 Observed Facts 25
2 1 1 Atmosphere 25
2 1 2 Hydrosphere 28
2 1 3 Cryosphere 30
2 1 4 Ecosystem 32
2 1 5 Planetary Environment 36
2 2 Extreme Events 37
2 2 1 Extreme Temperature Events 38
2 2 2 Extreme Precipitation Events 38
2 2 3 Typhoon and Severe Convective Weather 41
2 2 4 Sand-Dust Storms and Haze 42
2 2 5 Cryospheric Events 42
2 2 6 Forest Fire Weather 44
2 2 7 Compound Extreme Events 45
2 2 8 Attribution of Extreme Events 46
2 3 Impacts of Human Activities on Climate Change in China 46
2 3 1 Impact of Human Activities on Atmospheric Composition and the Generated Radiative Forcing 46
2 3 2 Impact of Human Activities on Surface Solar Radiation and Surface Air Temperature in China 52
2 3 3 Impact of Human Activities on the East Asian Summer Monsoon Circulation and Precipitation in China 53
2 3 4 Impact of Human Activities on Extreme Climate Events in China 54
2 4 Large- Scale Factors Affecting Climate Change in China 55
2 4 1 East Asian Monsoon 55
2 4 2 Main Modes and Teleconnections of Atmospheric Circulations 59
2 4 3 Ocean Modes 60
2 4 4 Arctic Sea Ice and Snow Cover on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 62
2 4 5 Snow Cover in Eurasia 63
2 5 Impacts of Climate Change on Socio-Economic Systems 64
2 5 1 The Impact Extent of Climate Change on Socio- Economic Systems 64
2 5 2 Regional Differences in the Impact of Climate Change on Socio- Economic Systems 71
References 77
Chapter 3 Projections of Future Climate Change and Risks 79
3 1 Anthropogenic Drivers of Future Climate Change 79
3 2 Earth System Models and Integrated Assessment Models 82
3 2 1 Earth System Models 82
3 2 2 Regional Climate Models 83
3 2 3 Integrated Assessment Models 86
3 3 Projections of Future Climate Change 88
3 3 1 Temperature 88
3 3 2 Precipitation92
3 4 Projections of Changes in Extreme Events 93
3 4 1 Temperature Extremes 93
3 4 2 Precipitation Extremes 96
3 4 3 Compound Extreme Events 98
3 5 Exposure and Vulnerability 98
3 5 1 Observed Exposure and Vulnerability Changes 99
3 5 2 Possible Changes in Socio- Economic Exposure and Vulnerability to Rainstorms and Flood Disasters 102
3 5 3 Possible Changes in Socio- Economic Exposureand Vulnerability to Droughts 102
3 5 4 Possible Changes in Population Health Exposure and Vulnerability to Heatwaves 105
3 6 Future Climate Change Risks 110
3 6 1 Water Resources 111
3 6 2 Agriculture 113
3 6 3 Cryosphere 115
3 6 4 Ecosystem 116
3 6 5 Human Habitat 117
3 6 6 Human Health 121
3 6 7 Major Projects 121
References 127
Chapter 4 Adaptation and Mitigation: Measures， Actions and Effects 129
4 1 Climate Change Adaptation 130
4 1 1 Global Progress 130
4 1 2 Adaptation Strategies 131
4 1 3 Adaptation Technologies and Measure Options 133
4 1 4 China's Adaptation to Climate Change: Actions and Effects 138
4 2 Climate Change Mitigation 146
4 2 1 Global Progress 146
4 2 2 Mitigation Technology aund Measure Option 150
4 2 3 China's Emission Reduction Policies and Effects 152
4 2 4 Emission Reduction and Effects in China 155
4 3 Synergized Effects of Adaptation and Mitigation 156
4 3 1 Adaptation， Mitigation and Their Interactions 156
4 3 2 China's Synergized Adaptation and Mitigation Measures， Actions and Effects 160
4 3 3 Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies Under the Goals of the Paris Agreement 163
References 164
Chapter 5 The Development Pathways with Climate Resilience 165
5 1 Global and China's Carbon Emission Budgets and Implementation Pathway Under the Warming Targets of the Paris Agreement 165
5 1 1 Global and China's Carbon Emission Budgets 165
5 1 2 Global Emission Reduction Pathways 167
5 1 3 China's Emission

精彩書摘
Chapter 1 Introduction
1 1 Evolution of Global Climate and Ecological Environment
The Earth's environment began its「Anthropocene1 ， in which human activities have become the main driver of global climate and ecological environment changes The continuous interference of human activ